![]() Bus protocols such as CAN, CANOpen, and FlexRay are used between the controller and the sensor actuator. And through High Voltage Inter-Lock and insulation testing to detect accidental disconnection of high voltage connectors.įrom the perspective of technical implementation, the control architecture of BMS is divided into centralized architecture, modular architecture, master-slave architecture and distributed control. ![]() BMS should not only avoid battery Over Charge, battery Over Discharge, Over Heating, Over Current. Shunt the unnecessary charging current to the resistor, and let the resistor dissipate the current to avoid overcharging and overdischarging of the battery.Īctive balance method: through a storage element used to transfer energy, it is ensured that the cells in the lithium battery pack can transfer charges no matter whether they are charging, discharging or idle, so as to maintain a dynamic balance between the cells.īattery safety management is one of the basic requirements of BMS. Passive balancing method: In a typical lithium battery management system, each battery cell is connected to a load resistor through a switch. Balancing is the process of forcing all cells to have the same voltage.īattery balance has passive balance and active balance methods: The method to improve this situation is called Battery Equalization. Then there may be one or more cells undercharged or overcharged, both of which can lead to battery failure. And because there is a certain inconsistency between the batteries, when some batteries do not match other batteries. Because the power battery works together in series and parallel through multiple battery modules and cells to meet the rated voltage requirements. The battery SOP can be regarded as the product of the limit current and the corresponding voltage considering various working conditions.īMS needs to provide battery performance balance management. SOP refers to the power state of the battery: it indicates the power that the battery can provide or absorb in a short period of time. Generally speaking, when the capacity of the battery decays to 80% or the internal resistance doubles, the battery is considered to have reached the end of life (EOL). The state of health of a battery is usually assessed based on a decline in battery capacity or an increase in internal resistance. SOH refers to the state of health of the battery: due to the chemical reactions inside the battery, the performance of the battery will deteriorate during use. SOE refers to the State of Energy, that is, the remaining energy, energy state: under different SOC states, because the potential level of the battery will have a clear downward trend during the discharge process, therefore, under different remaining power conditions, the remaining energy of the battery Energy will have different change curves. In addition, from an electrochemical point of view, since the amount of available charge depends on the amount of lithium ions stored in the electrode, SOC can also be calculated from the lithium concentration. SOC refers to State of Capacity, that is, remaining power, state of charge, power state: one of the key states monitored by BMS, SOC is the percentage of battery available capacity and rated capacity. The key indicators for battery status assessment are: The key technologies of BMS include the following aspects: Therefore, the BMS collects and calculates the voltage, electric current, SOC, SOE, SOH, SOP and other parameters of the battery cell, module, and battery pack, and then controls the charging and discharging process of the battery to ensure that the battery can work at the rated voltage and electric current for a long time, to meet the needs of different workloads. The battery cell forms a Battery Module, and the battery module forms a battery pack. Firstly, what is the BMS ? BMS is the abbreviation of Battery Management System.BMS is a system for monitoring and managing battery packs.
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